Oil & Gas Glossary 1.0

A tool employing tripping devices that limit tool movement from pressure either above or below the tool

A well-servicing unit whose mast consists of two steel tubes. Double-pole masts provide racking platforms for handling rods and tubing in stands and extend from 65 to 67 feet (20 meters) so that rods can be suspended as 50-foot (15 meter) doubles and tubing set back as 30-foot (9-meter) singles. See pole mast.

Used to describe packers with one slip system for supporting weight and pressure from above only.

Two lengths or joints of pipe joined together.

A tool that goes inside pipe lost in a well to provide a firm grip and permit recovery of the fish. Sometimes used in place of a spear.

A joint of drill pipe. Compare double, thribble, and fourable.

A stand of pipe made up or three joints and handled as a unit. Compare double, fourable, and single.

Clamps that grip a stand of casing, tubing, drill pipe, or sucker rods so that the stand can be raised or lowered into the hole.

A section of drill pipe, casing, or tubing consisting of four joints screwed together. Compare double, single, thribble.

A very soluble salt used to increase the density of water to points more than double that of water. Normally added to a system first saturated with calcium chloride.

Pipe tongs that grip the pipe with a chisel-like insert in the jaw of the wrench.

A tap with a gradually decreasing diameter from the top. It is used to retrieve a hollow fish such as a drill collar and is the male counterpart of a die collar. The taper tap is run into a hollow fish and rotated to cut enough threads to provide a finn grip and permit the fish to be pulled and recovered. See tap. Compare die collar.

A portable mast constructed of tubular members. A pole mast may be a single pole, usually one or two different sizes of pipe telescoped together to be moved or extended and locked to obtain maximum height above a well. Double-pole masts give added strength and stability. See mast.

A large, high-pressure reciprocating pump used to circulate the mud on a drilling rig. A typical mud pump is a two-cylinder, double-acting or a three-cylinder, single-acting piston pump whose pistons travel in replaceable liners and are driven by a crankshaft actuated by an engine or a motor. Also called a slush pump.

A fishing tool used to retrieve pipe lost in a well. The spear is lowered down the hole and into the lost pipe. When weight, torque, or both are applied to the string to which the spear is attached, the slips in the spear expand and tightly grip the inside of the wall of the lost pipe. Then the string, spear, and lost pipe are pulled to the surface.

A mechanical drive using a driving chain and chain gears to transmit power. Power transmissions use a roller chain, in which each link is made of side bars, transverse pins, and rollers on the pins. A double roller chain is made of two connected rows or links, a triple roller chain of three, and so forth.